Description: Human IgG Subclass Screening Kit by Cygnus Technologies is available in Europe via Gentaur.

Description: Human PVRIG (poliovirus receptor related immunoglobulin domain-containing protein), also known as CD112 receptor (CD112R), is an approximately 34 kDa single transmembrane protein in the poliovirus receptor-like protein (PVR) family. The CD112R gene encodes a putative single transmembrane protein, which is composed of a single extracellular IgV domain, one transmembrane domain, and a long intracellular domain. Notably, the intracellular domain of phatases. The extracellular domain sequence of human and mouse CD112R have 65.3% similarity. CD112R may act as a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T-cell receptor-mediated signals.

Description: Human PVRIG (poliovirus receptor related immunoglobulin domain-containing protein), also known as CD112 receptor (CD112R), is an approximately 34 kDa single transmembrane protein in the poliovirus receptor-like protein (PVR) family. The CD112R gene encodes a putative single transmembrane protein, which is composed of a single extracellular IgV domain, one transmembrane domain, and a long intracellular domain. Notably, the intracellular domain of phatases. The extracellular domain sequence of human and mouse CD112R have 65.3% similarity. CD112R may act as a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T-cell receptor-mediated signals.

Description: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. RANKL, through its ability to stimulate osteoclast formation and activity, is a critical mediator of bone resorption and overall bone density. Some findings also suggestion some cancer cells, particularly prostate cancer cells, can activate an increase in bone remodeling and ultimately increase overall bone production.[17] This increase in bone remodeling and bone production increases the overall growth of bone metastasizes. The overall control of bone remodeling is regulated by the binding of RANKL with its receptor or its decoy receptor, respectively, RANK and OPG.

Description: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. RANKL, through its ability to stimulate osteoclast formation and activity, is a critical mediator of bone resorption and overall bone density. Some findings also suggestion some cancer cells, particularly prostate cancer cells, can activate an increase in bone remodeling and ultimately increase overall bone production.[17] This increase in bone remodeling and bone production increases the overall growth of bone metastasizes. The overall control of bone remodeling is regulated by the binding of RANKL with its receptor or its decoy receptor, respectively, RANK and OPG.

Description: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. RANKL, through its ability to stimulate osteoclast formation and activity, is a critical mediator of bone resorption and overall bone density. Some findings also suggestion some cancer cells, particularly prostate cancer cells, can activate an increase in bone remodeling and ultimately increase overall bone production. This increase in bone remodeling and bone production increases the overall growth of bone metastasizes. The overall control of bone remodeling is regulated by the binding of RANKL with its receptor or its decoy receptor, respectively, RANK and OPG.

Description: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. RANKL, through its ability to stimulate osteoclast formation and activity, is a critical mediator of bone resorption and overall bone density. Some findings also suggestion some cancer cells, particularly prostate cancer cells, can activate an increase in bone remodeling and ultimately increase overall bone production. This increase in bone remodeling and bone production increases the overall growth of bone metastasizes. The overall control of bone remodeling is regulated by the binding of RANKL with its receptor or its decoy receptor, respectively, RANK and OPG.

Description: Screening Kit for detection of HDAC Inhibitor in the research laboratory

Description: Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(LIGHT) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligand that regulates T cell immune responses by signaling through the herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and the lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTbetaR). LIGHT has emerged as a potent initiator of T cell co-stimulation signals effecting CTL-mediated tumor rejection, allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Constitutive expression of LIGHT leads to tissue destruction and autoimmune-like disease syndromes.

Description: Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(LIGHT) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligand that regulates T cell immune responses by signaling through the herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and the lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTbetaR). LIGHT has emerged as a potent initiator of T cell co-stimulation signals effecting CTL-mediated tumor rejection, allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Constitutive expression of LIGHT leads to tissue destruction and autoimmune-like disease syndromes.

Description: CD155 and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is a novel type of immune checkpoint. CD155 is an adhesion molecule that is upregulated during tumor progression and promotes the proliferative and migratory abilities of tumor cells via various pathways. TIGIT, an inhibitory receptor, is mainly expressed on natural killer (NK), CD8+ T, CD4+ T and T regulatory (Treg) cells. CD155 transmits immune signals via interacting with the inhibitory checkpoint receptor TIGIT, thereby inhibiting the function of T and NK cells.CD155 is highly expressed on the surface of DC cells. When TIGIT on T cells binds to CD155 on DC cells, CD155 will send signals to DC cells to up-regulate the secretion of IL-10 and down-regulate the secretion of IL-12, thereby weakening the immune response mediated by DC cells. DC cells are important antigen-presenting cells in the body, and reduced DC cell activity in turn reduces T cell activity.

Description: CD155 and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is a novel type of immune checkpoint. CD155 is an adhesion molecule that is upregulated during tumor progression and promotes the proliferative and migratory abilities of tumor cells via various pathways. TIGIT, an inhibitory receptor, is mainly expressed on natural killer (NK), CD8+ T, CD4+ T and T regulatory (Treg) cells. CD155 transmits immune signals via interacting with the inhibitory checkpoint receptor TIGIT, thereby inhibiting the function of T and NK cells.CD155 is highly expressed on the surface of DC cells. When TIGIT on T cells binds to CD155 on DC cells, CD155 will send signals to DC cells to up-regulate the secretion of IL-10 and down-regulate the secretion of IL-12, thereby weakening the immune response mediated by DC cells. DC cells are important antigen-presenting cells in the body, and reduced DC cell activity in turn reduces T cell activity.

Description: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC-1). Expression of MIC-1 mRNA in monocytoid cells is up-regulated by a variety of stimuli associated with activation, including interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 2, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor but not interferon γ, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells in normal and pathological condition. GDF-15 increases during tissue injury and inflammatory states and is associated with cardiometabolic risk. Increased GDF-15 levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases in diabetes. Increased GDF-15 level is linked with the progression and prognosis of the disease condition.

Description: Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) is also known as CD309, FLK1, VEGFR, VEGFR2, and is one of the subtypes of VEGFR. VEGF receptors are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are three main subtypes of VEGFR, numbered 1, 2 and 3. The VEGF receptors have an extracellular portion consisting of 7 immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane spanning region and an intracellular portion containing a split tyrosine-kinase domain. VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1). VEGFR-2 appears to mediate almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF.The function of VEGFR-1 is less well defined, although it is thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling. Another function of VEGFR-1 may be to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding (this appears to be particularly important during vasculogenesis in the embryo). In addition, VEGFR2 is able to interact with HIV-1 extracellular Tat protein upon VEGF activation, and seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.

Description: Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) is also known as CD309, FLK1, VEGFR, VEGFR2, and is one of the subtypes of VEGFR. VEGF receptors are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are three main subtypes of VEGFR, numbered 1, 2 and 3. The VEGF receptors have an extracellular portion consisting of 7 immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane spanning region and an intracellular portion containing a split tyrosine-kinase domain. VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1). VEGFR-2 appears to mediate almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF.The function of VEGFR-1 is less well defined, although it is thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling. Another function of VEGFR-1 may be to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding (this appears to be particularly important during vasculogenesis in the embryo). In addition, VEGFR2 is able to interact with HIV-1 extracellular Tat protein upon VEGF activation, and seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.

Description: Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) is also known as CD309, FLK1, VEGFR, VEGFR2, and is one of the subtypes of VEGFR. VEGF receptors are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are three main subtypes of VEGFR, numbered 1, 2 and 3. The VEGF receptors have an extracellular portion consisting of 7 immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane spanning region and an intracellular portion containing a split tyrosine-kinase domain. VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1). VEGFR-2 appears to mediate almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF.The function of VEGFR-1 is less well defined, although it is thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling. Another function of VEGFR-1 may be to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding (this appears to be particularly important during vasculogenesis in the embryo). In addition, VEGFR2 is able to interact with HIV-1 extracellular Tat protein upon VEGF activation, and seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.

Description: Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) is also known as CD309, FLK1, VEGFR, VEGFR2, and is one of the subtypes of VEGFR. VEGF receptors are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are three main subtypes of VEGFR, numbered 1, 2 and 3. The VEGF receptors have an extracellular portion consisting of 7 immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane spanning region and an intracellular portion containing a split tyrosine-kinase domain. VEGF-A binds to VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1). VEGFR-2 appears to mediate almost all of the known cellular responses to VEGF.The function of VEGFR-1 is less well defined, although it is thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling. Another function of VEGFR-1 may be to act as a dummy/decoy receptor, sequestering VEGF from VEGFR-2 binding (this appears to be particularly important during vasculogenesis in the embryo). In addition, VEGFR2 is able to interact with HIV-1 extracellular Tat protein upon VEGF activation, and seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions.

Description: T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 is also known as TP44, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which contains one Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. is one of the molecules expressed on T cells that provide co-stimulatory signals, which are required for T cell activation. CD28 is the receptor for B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). When activated by Toll-like receptor ligands, the CD80 expression is upregulated in antigen presenting cells (APCs). The CD86 expression on antigen presenting cells is constitutive. CD28 is the only B7 receptor constitutively expressed on naive T cells.

Description: T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 is also known as TP44, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which contains one Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. is one of the molecules expressed on T cells that provide co-stimulatory signals, which are required for T cell activation. CD28 is the receptor for B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). When activated by Toll-like receptor ligands, the CD80 expression is upregulated in antigen presenting cells (APCs). The CD86 expression on antigen presenting cells is constitutive. CD28 is the only B7 receptor constitutively expressed on naive T cells.

Description: T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 is also known as TP44, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which contains one Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. is one of the molecules expressed on T cells that provide co-stimulatory signals, which are required for T cell activation. CD28 is the receptor for B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). When activated by Toll-like receptor ligands, the CD80 expression is upregulated in antigen presenting cells (APCs). The CD86 expression on antigen presenting cells is constitutive. CD28 is the only B7 receptor constitutively expressed on naive T cells.

Description: T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 is also known as TP44, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which contains one Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. is one of the molecules expressed on T cells that provide co-stimulatory signals, which are required for T cell activation. CD28 is the receptor for B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). When activated by Toll-like receptor ligands, the CD80 expression is upregulated in antigen presenting cells (APCs). The CD86 expression on antigen presenting cells is constitutive. CD28 is the only B7 receptor constitutively expressed on naive T cells.