Exosomes Secreted From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Pyroptosis in PC12 Cells by Promoting AMPK-Dependent Autophagic Flux
Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I / R) injury can cause severe dysfunction, and treatment difficult. It is reported that the nucleotide-binding domain and a leucine-rich repeat protein family of 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated cell pyroptosis an important part of the I / R injury of the brain and can inhibit the activation of autophagy pyroptosis in some tissue injury. Our previous research found that the protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in brain I / R injury may be associated with the regulation of autophagy.
Recent research has shown that exosomes secreted from BMSCs (BMSC-Exos) may play an important role in effective biological performance BMSCs and BMSC-Exos protective mechanism associated with the activation of autophagy and remission of inflammation, but have not been reported in studies of injury I / R brain. We aimed to investigate the effects of BMSC-Exos on I / R injury of the brain and determine whether the mechanisms associated with the regulation pyroptosis and autophagic flux.
Methods: PC12 cells were subjected to a shortage of oxygen-glucose / reoxygenation (OGD / R) to induce brain I / R in vitro and cocultured with BMSC-Exos. cell viability was determined by CCK-8 kit and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Hoechst 33 342 / propidium iodide (PI) double staining, 2 ‘, 7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay, immunofluorescence, Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect cell pyroptosis. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), GFP-RFP-LC3 adenovirus transfection, and Western blot used to detect autophagic flux and its influence on pyroptosis.
Finally, coimmunoprecipitation used to detect the binding interaction between NLRP3 and LC3. Results: BMSC-Exos increased cell viability in OGD / R inhibitory effect of BMSC-Exos on pyroptosis is comparable to NLRP3 inhibitor NLRP3 MCC950 and reversed by excess. Furthermore, BMSC-Exos promoted autophagic flux through AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) / mammalian target of rapamycin on the track, whereas chloroquine, AMPK silencing, and compound C block the inhibitory effects on pyroptosis. Conclusion: BMSC-Exos can protect PC12 cells against injury OGD / R by the weakening of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis to promote the AMPK-dependent autophagic flux.
Exosomes Secreted From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Pyroptosis in PC12 Cells by Promoting AMPK-Dependent Autophagic Flux
Effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on Cell Viability of Stem Cells and Osteogenesis spheroids
Background and purpose: Morinda citrifolia (Noni) has been widely used in herbal medicine to treat and prevent various diseases. We undertook this study to evaluate the effects of Noni extract on morphology maintenance, increase cellular viability, and improved osteogenesis of stem cell spheroids.
Materials and Methods: We cultured stem cell spheroids made with gingival-derived stem cells in the presence of Noni extract at concentrations of 10, 100 and 200 ng / mL. We do the analysis of changes in cell morphology and cell viability. We did a test alkaline phosphatase activity using a kit and test the mineralization using anthraquinone dye to evaluate osteogenesis of stem cell spheroids with the addition of Noni extract.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human TRAP . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: Sum Formula: C34H56N10O9; CAS# [374898-11-0] net
Results: The cells formed spheroids well applied, and the addition of Noni in 10, 100 and 200 concentration ng / mL did not produce significant morphological changes. Quantitative values for the survival of the mobile on day 3 showed that the values of absorbance at 450 nm is 0.314 ± 0.013, 0.318 ± 0.008, 0.304 ± 0.000 and 0.300 ± 0.011 for Noni at 0, 10, 100 and 200 concentration ng / mL , each.
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, Complete Kit with CAS601A-1 (Cas9 SmartNuclease AAVS1-gRNA Targeting Vector) and GE640PR-1 (Junction PCR Primer Mix to confirm AAVS1 integration site))
, Complete Kit with CAS601A-1 (Cas9 SmartNuclease AAVS1-gRNA Targeting Vector) and GE640PR-1 (Junction PCR Primer Mix to confirm AAVS1 integration site))
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